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Jurist Indigenous groups in Brazil protest at COP30

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Dadparvar

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Nov 11, 2016
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Indigenous groups in Brazil organized protests on Friday in Belém, blocking the main entrance to the restricted area at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP30) and demanding that the Brazilian government halt extractive projects that jeopardize their livelihoods.

The protesters belonged to the Munduruku Indigenous people who live in the Amazon tropical forest, mainly in the Amazon states of Amazonas, Mato Grosso, and Pará. They blocked access to COP30’s main entrance, which required the army to intervene to reinforce security. Protesters’ demands included increased representation of Indigenous populations in COP30 and international climate events as well as an end to extractive activities that threaten their territories in the Tapajós and Xingu River basins, highlighting that decisions made at a global level have direct impacts on their livelihoods.

Other Indigenous youth participants expressed their support for the protests and described them as a demonstration of the urgency of Indigenous people’s demands. According to Amanda Pankará, from the Pankará people in Pernambuco, COP30 provides a platform where Indigenous people’s rights can “gain greater visibility.” Pankará called for more inclusion of indigenous peoples in climate discussions.

Another Chilean Indigenous youth from the Mapuche people, Emiliano Medina, asserted that Friday’s protests were a way to reflect the demands and the growing challenges faced by Indigenous populations caused by mining and industrial activities, including land grabs, destruction of their homes, and forced displacements. Medina also reaffirmed indigenous representatives’ commitment to tackling the climate crisis.

On the other hand, Ana Toni, the executive director of COP30, recognized the legitimacy of Friday’s demonstrations and affirmed that the Brazilian government is attentive to the concerns raised by the protesters. She emphasized that COP30 saw an increase of 600 Indigenous participants compared to the previous year’s conference in Azerbaijan. Furthermore, Toni highlighted that selecting Belém as the venue for COP30 was intended to facilitate Indigenous participation and amplify their voices in the climate dialogue. She also observed that the Brazilian government permits diverse forms of protest and anticipates additional demonstrations during the conference.

The central themes of COP30 include strategies to limit the rise in global temperatures to 1.5°C, the submission of updated national action plans, and the evaluation of progress regarding financial commitments established at COP29, which climate activists have deemed insufficient. Nevertheless, for this year’s conference, the primary concern of international human rights organizations centered on ensuring the effective participation of climate activists and Indigenous peoples.

In March 2025, Transparency International urged the UN climate change agency to take measures to restore trust in the COP process and prevent fossil fuel lobbyists from hindering negotiations. In October, rights organizations called on Brazilian authorities to implement safeguards to ensure the protection of the rights of civil society members at the COP30, including Indigenous people, who face life-threatening environmental risks due to mining operations in their lands. Environmental activists have been targeted with repressive measures worldwide, which the UN described as a human rights violation and a threat to climate action.

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